Canadian researchers team up to fight canine osteosarcomaJune 14, 2018A group of researchers called the Dog Osteosarcoma Group–Biomarkers of Neoplasia (DOGBONe) at the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada, have joined forces to determine more accurate ways of measuring bone cancer, with the main objective of identifying biomarkers to assess patients with canine osteosarcoma. The presentation of osteosarcoma in dogs is remarkably similar to that of humans, according to the Ontario Veterinary College (OVC); so much so that computers are unable to distinguish between tumor samples from each species based on gene expression patterns. These similarities make canine osteosarcoma research all the more valuable, as any progress in developing better treatments for one species means progress for the other as well. "The dogs are a model for the worst of the human disease," said Geoffrey A. Wood, DVM, Ph.D., DVSc (pathology), of the OVC's Department of Pathobiology. "Right now, the information we find out in human osteosarcoma serves as a model for the dogs. There's an opportunity to go both ways between the species, for the benefit of both." The team consists of the university's top osteosarcoma researchers from across four departments at OVC, including co-leaders Dr. Wood and Alicia Viloria-Petit, Ph.D., MSc, BSc, of the Department of …
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Ongoing quest for immunityJune 12, 2018Vaccines are a staple in preventive medicine, and every year more are added to the arsenal. Here’s what’s going on now in this sector of the profession.
Veterinary study shows promise for noninvasive echotherapy treatmentJune 5, 2018 A canine cancer patient was found to be cancer free following a noninvasive focused ultrasound treatment, reports Theraclion, a company specializing in medical equipment for echotherapy. The procedure was administered as part of a veterinary study at the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), financed by the Focused Ultrasound Foundation, which is investigating the treatment of dogs with sarcomas and mast cell tumors with Theraclion's Echopulse technology. "These canine tumors tend to occur on the limbs and may recur if they are not entirely removed. As a result, often amputation is required," said Jeffrey Ruth, DVM, DAVBP, DACVR, clinical assistant professor of radiology at VWCVM. "It is our hope that focused ultrasound will add to current treatment options by providing a way to noninvasively ablate the mass and also trigger an anti-tumor immune response." The study is one of several launched by the Focused Ultrasound Foundation in its veterinary program to develop focused ultrasound therapies for the treatment of companion animals. While the technology was originally designed to treat tumors in humans, its robotic design allowed for it to be easily adapted for veterinary uses, according to Theraclion. "As veterinary treatments are …
Blue Buffalo sets $3M fundraising goal to fight pet cancerMay 31, 2018Six million dogs and nearly the same number of cats are affected by cancer each year. Despite the huge impact of the disease, consumer surveys indicate that eight in 10 pet owners know little to nothing about pet cancer symptoms. To help combat the issue, Blue Buffalo Foundation announced plans to raise more than $3 million this year to help find a cure for feline and canine cancer. The foundation's annual consumer education program and Pet Cancer Awareness fundraising campaign, which have recognized May as Pet Cancer Awareness Month since 2004, provides financial support for families affected by pet cancer and funding for research at veterinary colleges and nonprofit organizations across the country. In October last year, the foundation awarded the Animal Cancer Foundation a $1 million research grant to launch the Canine Cancer Genome Project, which maps the tumor genomes of the most common cancers in dogs. "Everyone has been touched by human or pet cancer at some point," said Gerald Post, DVM, MEM, DACVIM (Oncology) and chief medical officer at The Veterinary Cancer Center in Norwalk, Conn. "For our loved ones, the pace of cancer research and the development of innovative treatment is too slow." For more …
Purdue University research aims to customize cancer treatmentsApril 26, 2018Researchers at Purdue University exploring Doppler light scattering, a new method for testing how patients will respond to various drugs, say it could help customize chemotherapy treatments for patients diagnosed with cancer, paving the way for more effective, personalized treatments. Similar to meteorological Doppler weather radar, which sends electromagnetic waves into clouds to determine the overall motion of raindrops, Doppler light scattering creates a 3-D map of activity occurring within living tissue samples, allowing researchers to see how cancerous cells respond to different chemotherapy drugs and treatment methods. "We're looking at the motion inside living tissue rather than rain droplets, and we're using infrared light instead of radar," said David Nolte, Ph.D, professor of physics and astronomy at Purdue. "It's like watching the weather inside living tissue as the tissue is affected by cancer drugs." Working in collaboration with John Turek, Ph.D, professor of basic medical sciences at Purdue's College of Veterinary Medicine, and Mike Childress, DVM, associate professor of veterinary medicine, Nolte's team performed the study on 19 dogs previously diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma, which is molecularly and clinically similar to lymphoma in humans. To test the Doppler light scattering method, biopsied tissue samples were placed in a multi-wall …
MAF awards Penn $775K to test osteosarcoma immunotherapy vaccine in dogsApril 20, 2018Morris Animal Foundation (MAF) has awarded a $775,000 grant to the University of Pennsylvania to test a vaccine that could improve longevity and quality of life for dogs with osteosarcoma. The research team will conduct clinical trials to evaluate a novel immunotherapy treatment that combines a molecule expressed by cancer cells with a modified live form of Listeria monocytogenes. A pilot study demonstrated this combination elicited a powerful, targeted immune response directed against osteosarcoma cells in patients suffering from this type of cancer. "This could be an incredible breakthrough in the fight against osteosarcoma, a highly aggressive and deadly cancer," said Kelly Diehl, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM), senior scientific programs and communications adviser at MAF. "For the last 50 years, Morris Animal Foundation has been funding cancer studies, and this is one of the largest, single grants we have ever awarded. The results of the pilot study were so compelling, that we knew we had to support this research team and their progression to a clinical trial." The vaccine, created by removing harmful genes from the Listeria bacteria and then attaching markers of osteosarcoma cells, supplements standard osteosarcoma treatment of amputation and chemotherapy by attacking cancer cells that …
KSU establishes translational and comparative oncology research centerJanuary 24, 2018The Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine's new Center of Excellence for Translational and Comparative Oncology Research (CETCOR) focuses on improving the diagnosis, management, and treatment of both human and animal cancers. CETCOR was established in late 2017 through start-up funding from the university's Johnson Cancer Research Center and support from the College of Veterinary Medicine. "The overriding objective of CETCOR is to expedite the pre-clinical and clinical development, production and/or licensure of novel or improved medical interventions—drugs, immunotherapeutics and medical devices—for the treatment, diagnosis and monitoring of both human and animal cancers," said Raelene Wouda, BVSc, DACVIM (Oncology), MANZCVS (SAIM), assistant professor of oncology in the college's clinical sciences department. One unique aspect of CETCOR is that it does not focus on a single type of cancer or the development of a single novel drug or technology, said Dr. Wouda. "Our group aims to facilitate the advancement of all cancer-associated research taking place on campus and within the wider K-State community, whether that be at the basic physiologic and pharmacologic level or in the later stages of the therapeutic drug development pathway," Wouda said. CETCOR's primary mission is to advance discoveries by university faculty and …
Tufts veterinarians treat canine cancer with experimental drugJanuary 18, 2018When Edward Sloan's dog, Dozer, a 7-year-old bull mastiff went blind seemingly overnight, a devastating diagnosis revealed Dozer had cancer. Desperate to save his best friend, Sloan found a clinical trial at the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, where Abbey Sadowski, DVM, found that Dozer had "lost a lot of weight [and] had several weeks of history before he even saw us." Dr. Sadowski and Cheryl London, DVM, Ph.D., are testing an experimental drug—called KPT-9274—combined with just one round of chemotherapy to treat lymphoma. "We had this remarkable response … when you combine these two things together you can get a dramatic reduction in disease," Dr. London said. Early results of the small study have been promising, especially for Sloan and Dozer. "A single heroic dose … the next day he was able to see," Sloan said. Dozer is three months in remission, and his medical reversal of fortune could eventually lead to a breakthrough in human medicine. London said the outcome of a canine trial is a valuable piece of the research puzzle. "The benefits to the human side are that you get a drug into humans that's actually much …
Aratana Therapeutics secures USDA conditional license for canine osteosarcoma vaccineJanuary 10, 2018Aratana Therapeutics announced that its canine osteosarcoma vaccine, Live Listeria Vector (AT-014), has been granted a conditional license by the USDA Center for Veterinary Biologics for the treatment of dogs diagnosed with osteosarcoma, 1 year of age or older. The vaccine is a novel immunotherapy developed by using a listeria-based antigen delivery system licensed from Advaxis Inc. "Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in dogs and, since there haven't been advances to raise the standard of care in nearly 20 years, dogs often face a poor prognosis," said Ernst Heinen, DVM, Ph.D., chief development officer of Aratana Therapeutics. "We are hopeful that our canine osteosarcoma vaccine will be a new tool for veterinary oncologists to prolong survival in dogs with osteosarcoma." According to the company, the vaccine is a lyophilized formulation of a modified live, attenuated strain of listeria that activates cytotoxic T-cells. The therapeutic expresses a tumor-associated antigen that directs T-cells to fight cancer cells, even after the bacteria are cleared; the therapeutic capitalizes on the dog's immune system and its ability to attack bacterial infections, redirecting it to fight cancer cells, the company stated. Data from a clinical study …
ASU awarded $6.4M grant to test preventive canine cancer vaccineJanuary 8, 2018Arizona State University (ASU) professor Stephen Albert Johnson, Ph.D., has received a $6.4 million grant from the Open Philanthropy Project to support a clinical trial of a vaccine to prevent canine cancer. The trial will involve approximately 800 middle-aged, healthy pet dogs and will test the effects of a multivalent frameshift peptide (FSP) vaccine developed at ASU that has shown promise in mouse studies. Scientists think the vaccine has potential for human use, too. "Our goal has always been that if this is possible, we should at least try it," said Johnston, director of the Biodesign Center for Innovations in Medicine and CEO of Calviri Inc., a cancer vaccine company. "Open Philanthropy was the only organization that responded to support our high-risk project, the biggest cancer intervention trial in dogs ever." Johnston and his team developed the new FSP vaccine over the past 10 years. The vaccine, already tested for efficacy in mice, is shown to be safe in dogs, according to Johnston's research. Cancer is the leading cause of death in pet dogs and their cancers are very similar to their human counterparts. Some breeds have a very high cancer rate, as much as 40 percent. The canine …
